Productivity of Super Intensive Mother Plantations of the Violet Early Variety Under Different Modes of Loading the Bushes with Shoots
Abstract
This paper presents the results of a multi-year study aimed at developing super intensive mother plantations. The effect of different modes of shoot load on grape bushes of the hard-to-root variety Violet Early was shown. A comprehensive study of physiological anatomical changes in the vine under various load conditions was conducted to demonstrate the quality and number of cuttings prepared. The efficiency of the creation of super intensive mother plantations on sandy soils in the Chechen Republic was analyzed. The presence of such mother plants allowed timely harvesting of cuttings to use those of the best quality for reproduction. In the experiments, the net income amounted to 23,717.21 thousand rubles, so it almost doubled; and the profitability attained 140.87%, which was 79% more than that in the control.
Keywords: grapes, variety, load of shoots, mother plants, cuttings, seedlings, sandy soils, yield
References
[1] Batukaev, A. A. and Magomadov, A. S. (2015). Scientific Evidence of the Technologies for Growing Seedlings and Ensuring the Physiological Need of Grapes for Microelements in the Agro-Ecological Conditions of the Tersko-Kumsky Sands. Grozny: Chechen State University, p. 167.
[2] Krasyuk, S. E. (1985). Yield and Quality of Rootstock Cuttings Depending on the Management System, Formation and Load of Bushes. Horticulture, Viticulture and Winemaking of Moldova, vol. 11, pp. 33–35.
[3] Maltabar, L. M. (2009). Grape Nursery. Krasnodar: Vino, p. 289.
[4] Batukaev, A. A. (2015). Effect of Boron Fertilization on the Productivity of Grape Plantations. Bulletin of Chechen State University, vol. 3, pp. 98–103.
[5] Maltabar, L. M., Magomedov, N. D. and Kozachenko, D. M. (1997). Creation of Certified Superintensive Grape Mother Plants and Technology for the Production of Cuttings on them. Grapes and Wine of Russia, vol. 4, pp. 6–8.
[6] Maltabar, L. M. (1966). On Intensive Directed Cultivation of Grapevine Scion. Gardening, Viticulture and Winemaking in Moldova, vol. 7, pp. 38–41.
[7] Chulkov, V. V. and Bezuglov, G. Y. (2017). Economic Productivity of Mother Plantations of Grapes under Different Regimes of Bushes by Shoots. Bulletin of DonGAU, vol. 2, pp. 28–30.
[8] Batukaev, A., et al. (2019). New Technological Solutions for the Production of Planting Material of Grapes. Journal of Environmental Treatment Techniques, vol. 7, issue 4, pp. 581–587.
[9] Negru, A. M. and Nikikforova, L. T. (1958). On Some Interconnections Between the Individual Organs of the Grape Plant. Bulletin of TSKh, vol. 1, pp. 73–84.
[10] Negrul, A. M. and Kalmykova, T. I. (1970). Photosynthetic Productivity of Grapes. In The Most Important Problems of Photosynthesis in Crop Production. Moscow: Kolos: pp. 235–253.
[11] Nikiforova, L. T. and Voloshin, S. G. (1972). Absorption of Photosynthetic Radiation by Grape Leaves. Gardening, Viticulture and Winemaking of Moldova, vol. 6, issue 2, pp. 6–28.
[12] Maltabar, L. M. (1994). Ways of Accelerated Creation of Intensive and Superintensive Mother Liquors of New Varieties and Clones. Bulletin of KubSAU, vol. 340, issue 368, pp. 5–13.
[13] Malykh, G. P., et al. (2015). Graviomorphological Method of Creating Seedlings. Winemaking and Viticulture, vol. 2, pp. 52–55.
[14] Malykh, G. P. (1973). Growing Seedlings of Hard-To-Root Varieties. Winemaking and Vviticulture of the USSR, vol. 8, pp. 23–24.
[15] Malykh, G. P. and Magomadov, A. S. (2013). Viticulture of the Chechen Republic. Grozny: Chechen University, p. 268.
[16] Malykh, G. P., Magomadov, A. S. and Yakovtseva, O. L. (2016). Modern Technologies for the Production of Grafted Vegetative Seedlings and Planting Vineyards with them 2. Novocherkassk: All-Russia Research Institute of Viticulture and Winemaking named after Ya. I. Potapenko, p. 32.
[17] Malykh, G. P. (1991). The System of Increasing the Yield of Grape Seedlings Based on the Use of Polymeric Materials and Gravilen. (Dissertation of candidate of agriculture, Yerevan, 1991).
[18] Subbotovich, A. S. (1984). Diversity of Seedlings from Cuttings and its Influence on the Development of Bushes. In New in the Grape Nursery of the Hungarian People’s Republic and the MCP, Moscow: Myr, pp. 187–208.